International Criminal Justice & Accountability Advanced

Module 1 — Foundations of International Criminal Accountability

Students examine the development and purpose of international criminal accountability and the distinction between individual criminal responsibility and State responsibility under international law.

Module 2 — Modes of Individual Criminal Responsibility

Students analyse principal forms of individual responsibility, including direct participation, ordering, aiding and other recognised modes of liability, subject to the requirements of the applicable legal framework.

Module 3 — Investigation, Evidence and Prosecution

Students examine international criminal investigations, evidentiary considerations, witness protection, prosecutorial decision-making and the legal safeguards applicable to suspects and accused persons.

Module 4 — Jurisdiction and Complementarity

Students analyse jurisdictional foundations, admissibility, complementarity and the relationship between international criminal institutions and national justice systems.

Module 5 — Victims, Participation and Reparations

Students examine the position of victims in international criminal proceedings, including participation where applicable, protection, recognition of harm and available forms of reparative measures.

Module 6 — Accountability, Fair Trial and Institutional Legitimacy

Students assess fair-trial guarantees, judicial independence, prosecutorial integrity, institutional accountability and the importance of lawful procedures to the legitimacy of international criminal justice.

Knowledge Test

1. What is the central focus of international criminal responsibility?

Holding individuals accountable for conduct that constitutes an international crime under applicable law Automatically imposing liability on every State involved in a conflict Replacing all national criminal justice systems Punishing conduct without any applicable legal basis

2. Why is jurisdiction important in international criminal proceedings?

It determines whether a particular court or institution has lawful authority to hear the case It guarantees conviction of the accused It eliminates the need for evidence It prevents national courts from exercising any jurisdiction

3. What does complementarity generally address?

The relationship between international criminal jurisdiction and genuine national proceedings concerning the same conduct The automatic superiority of international courts over every national court The removal of national criminal jurisdiction The requirement that every case be prosecuted internationally

4. Why are fair-trial guarantees important in international criminal justice?

They protect the rights of accused persons and support the legitimacy and integrity of judicial proceedings They guarantee that an accused person will be acquitted They eliminate the role of evidence They prevent prosecutors from investigating serious crimes

5. What is one purpose of reparative measures for victims?

To address recognised harm suffered by victims through measures provided under the applicable legal framework To replace criminal responsibility entirely To guarantee identical compensation in every case To prevent victims from participating in proceedings